המפלגה הרפובליקנית של ארצות הברית, הידועה גם בשם ה- GOP, הוקמה בשנת 1854. האידיאולוגיה של המפלגה המודרנית מבוססת על שמרנות אמריקאית הכוללת תמיכה במיסים נמוכים יותר, קפיטליזם בשוק החופשי, הגבלות של דה-רגולציה כלכלית על איגודי עובדים.
דעות פוליטיות
אידיאולוגיות:
שמרנות, ליברליזם כלכלי, פדרליזם, שמרנות חברתית,
מדיניות:
עיין ברשימה המלאה של 282 המדיניות של רֶפּוּבּלִיקָנִי
The modern United States Republican Party was founded in the early 1850s as a coalition of former Whigs, Free Soilers, anti-slavery Democrats, and abolitionists. The primary catalyst for the formation of the party was the growing divide over the issue of slavery, particularly its extension into new territories and states. The Republican Party held its first convention in Jackson, Michigan, in 1854, and by the end of the year, the party had made significant electoral gains in the North.
The first Republican candidate for President was John C. Frémont in 1856. Although he lost to Democrat James Buchanan, the relatively strong showing for a new party signaled the changing political landscape in America. The party's real turning point came with the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860. Lincoln's election prompted several Southern states to secede from the Union, which in turn led to the American Civil War. Under Lincoln's leadership, the Republican Party became the party of Union preservation and the abolition of slavery. The Emancipation Proclamation and the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery, were landmark achievements that cemented the Republican Party's position as a major political force.
After the Civil War, the Republican Party shifted its focus towards Reconstruction, the process of reintegrating the Southern states back into the Union and guaranteeing civil rights for newly freed African Americans. During this period, Republicans dominated national politics, holding the presidency for most of the years between 1861 and 1933 with only a few interruptions. The party was generally associated with business interests, industrialization, and a strong centralized government.
In the 20th century, the Republican Party went through several transformations. During the era of Progressive politics, figures like Theodore Roosevelt championed a more active role for the federal government in regulating business and protecting natural resources. However, in the 1920s, Republicans like Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover were more aligned with laissez-faire economic policies. The Great Depression of the 1930s paved the way for Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, which led to a reorientation of both major political parties. Republicans increasingly became the party opposing big government and advocating for free-market principles.
The post-World War II era saw Republicans navigating the tensions between conservative and moderate wings within the party. Under the leadership of Dwight D. Eisenhower in the 1950s, the party pursued a "modern Republicanism" that accepted certain aspects of the New Deal while emphasizing fiscal responsibility. The 1960s and 1970s saw the rise of a more conservative movement within the Republican Party, culminating in the election of Ronald Reagan in 1980. Reagan's presidency was characterized by deregulation, tax cuts, and a strong military, setting the ideological tone for the Republican Party for years to come.
In recent decades, the party has grappled with issues ranging from immigration to healthcare, while its base has become more conservative and more focused on issues like limited government, traditional values, and national security. Overall, the Republican Party has evolved from its anti-slavery roots in the 19th century to become one of the two major political parties in the United States, with a complex and multifaceted history that reflects the changing dynamics of American society.
עד כמה אמונותיך הפוליטיות דומות למדיניותו של Republicans ? קח את החידון הפוליטי כדי לגלות.
